JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES

Covid 19 Pandemic: The little We Know

Amjad B., Abeer B. — Mon, 20 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Corona virus disease 19 (COVID19) is single-stranded RNA virus, belonging to the family Corona viridae, which can cause various diseases with enteric, respiratory, hepatic and neurological symptoms.

2019-nCoV is characterized by strong contagion, high morbidity and high mortality, but no specific drugs of 2019-nCoV have been developed so far . Started in wuhan late in 2019 and spread throughout the world, in March 2020 the WHO declare COVID 19 pandemic.

Effect of Ramadan Fasting on Psychological Status Among Healthy Sudanese Adults Living in Khartoum State

Thu, 18 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Ramadan month Fasting is one of the pillars of Islam and it has been found to have different
physiological effects. The psychological status is related to spiritual satisfaction and the associated social
interaction. Psychological well-being includes the ability to maintain a sense of autonomy, self-acceptance,
personal growth, purpose in life and self-esteem.
Objectives: The aim of the study is to assess the relationship between Ramadan fasting and psychological
condition of Muslims.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during May to October 2019 on 82 healthy Sudanese adults
living in Khartoum state. All participant were assessed by Warwick Edinbreg Mental Well Being Scale
(WEMWBS). A questionnaire was filled before Ramadan and during mid of Shawal, the month after Ramadan.
Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. P-value considered significant if it is < 0.05.
Results:There was a significant change in the WEMWBS before and after Ramadan with mean of (58.2) ±.139
S.D and (59.5) ±.153 S.D respectively and (P value = .000).
Conclusion: The study showed that Ramadan Fasting improves psychological condition in normal adults.Tarawih
has spiritual impact on Muslims’ lives.

Prevalence of Schistosomia haematobium and Associated Risk Factors Among School Children in Algablin village, White Nile State, Sudan

Mon, 27 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Schistosomiasis is a water parasitic disease infecting more than 200 million people, it is the third
after malaria and intestinal helminthiasis in global parasitism. The negative impacts on school performance and the
debilitation caused by untreated infections demoralize both social and economic development in endemic areas.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among basic school children in Algablin village.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from May to July 2018 in Algablin village, White Nile State.
Sudan, . Two hundred urine samples were collected from school children in Algablin village and examined for the
parasite using parasitological filtration concentration techniques.
Results: Out of 200 urine samples examined, the prevalence of S.haematobium was 24%. In Abo Bakr Alsedig
School the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was 25% and in Khalid Ibn Al Walid school the prevalence of
infection was 23%. Regarding to the age groups, in the group (8-10) years, the prevalence of the disease was 26%,
and in age (10-13) years the prevalence of infection was 22%.
Conclusions: The study concluded that the prevalence of S.haematobium parasite infection is 24% in the studied
area, and that the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was higher in age group 8-10 years than age group 11-
13years.

Prevalence of Non-alcoholic Fatty liver Disease in patients of Diabetes Mellitus in Referred Clinic in Kosti Teaching Hospital

Mohammed Mussa, Dawelbiet A. Yahia, Kamal Eldin A. Abdalla — Thu, 23 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is very common pathological conditions worldwide that is closely
associated with the clinical features of metabolic syndrome and is characterized by substantial inter patient
variability in severity and rate of liver disease progression.
Methods:
This is a prospective hospital based study which was performed in Kosti city-White Nile State (Sudan). The study
population comprised diabetic patients whom are randomly selected from Kosti Teaching Hospital. It was
conducted in the period between 1/2/2019 to 1/4/2019.The sample size was on an average of 150 cases, categorized
further into 80 cases and 70 controls. All cases were subjected to full history, proper examination, lab investigations
and abdominal ultrasound. Information were collected, classified into three forms of data and analyzed accordingly.
Results:
The overall prevalence of non alcoholic liver disease in diabetes mellitus is 68%. This prevalence increases with
age as there is remarkable increase in developing nonalcoholic liver disease mainly in patients of old ages. The
prevalence has gender variation as it reveals predominance of female in diabetes and diabetes with hypertension and
no gender variation in diabetes with coronary artery disease. Prevalence of non alcoholic liver disease increased in
urban areas in diabetes with coronary artery disease and increased in rural areas in diabetes and diabetes with
hypertensive patients. Prevalence of nonalcoholic liver disease increased with duration of diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion:
Based on the findings of the presents study, the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in diabetes mellitus is
related to age, sex, residence, duration of disease.

The Effect of drinking water chlorine concentration on thyroid gland functions among females at Kosti city, White Nile State, Sudan.

Mon, 28 Mar 2022 00:00:00 +0000

Introduction: Thyroid disease is public healthy problem more than 3 billion people are live with
iodine deficient was reported by World Health Organization.
Objectives:
To study the effects of drinking water chlorine concentration on thyroid gland functions among
females at
Kosti city.
Material & Methods:
A prospective study conducted during the period of October 2017 to December 2018, included Thirty nine female,
mean aged was 38.08 ±14.3years. Drinking water samples were collected in sterile containers from different area.
Chlorine concentrations in drinking water were measured using Mohr’s Method. Data were collected, and
analyzed using SPSS software, version 16.0.
Result:
The Concentrations of chlorine from; center [12.8] ppm, beach, [14.2] ppm, and tap water drinking [9.6] ppm.
The serum free T3 [2.4± 0.6]pg/ml, T4 was [4.7± 4.8] pg/ml, and the mean of TSH levels was
[1.05 ± 0.8]pg/ml.
Conclusion:
Chlorine concentration in drinking water net is higher, and contributing to increase a risk of goiter.

Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) -a short overview

Mohammed Eltoum Hamed Azoz — Mon, 15 Nov 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Evidence based medicine (EBM) is the conscientious, explicit, judicious and reasonable use of up to date, best evidence in making decisions about the individual patient health care. EBM integrates clinical experience and patient values with the best available research information. It is an ideas which aims to increase the use of high quality clinical research in clinical decision making. EBM requires new skills of the health practitioner, including efficient literature-searching, and the application of formal rules of evidence in evaluating the clinical literature. When somebody wants to practice EBM he has to identify gaps in knowledge and formulate questions to fill those gaps, to conduct an efficient search in medical literature, to critically evaluate the research information and to apply this information to patient’s care. EBM can minimize the errors in patient care, reduces the cost of treatment of the patient and optimizes the quality of patient care. The skills which has being learned when conducting EBM like those which were needed for being a lifelong, self- directed learner.

Effect of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Iron Profile Among Patients Attending Kosti Teaching Hospital, Sudan

Thu, 23 Sep 2021 00:00:00 +0000

Background: As approved by many studies patients with H. pylori infection; a spiral bacterium that invade
different parts of gastrointestinal tract and mainly gastric mucosa causing gastric inflammation and peptic
ulceration may linked directly to body iron status.
This study aimed to evaluate the body iron status in H .pylori infected patients
Methods: This study was conducted in Kosti Teaching Hospital, White Nile State (Sudan) Jan 2018 to March
2019. The study groups consisted of 58 patients with H. pylori as cases group and another group were 58 healthy
subjects as the control group. The members of both groups were enrolled in the study voluntarily. Study groups
demographic and anthropometric data, hemoglobin, serum ferritin and total iron- binding capacity and transferrin
were measured.
Results: Hemoglobin, serum ferritin (11.32 vs. 79.15 ng/ml) was significantly lower when compared with the
control one. On other hand transferrin and total iron-binding capacity statistically reflected higher figures as
(397.05 vs. 265.11 mg/dl) and (543.21 vs.270.42 mcg/dl) respectively when compared case group with control
one. Moreover endoscopy screening of patients reflected considerable information regarding esophagitis, gastritis,
duodenal ulcer and esophageal cancer.
Conclusion: Although the findings of present study revealed that H. pylori are able to interfere with the
distribution of biological iron, reflecting significant alteration on parameters related to iron homeostasis. Since
evidence for the association of H. pylori and IDA still not enough and there are contrasting data about such
association, future high quality and cohort researches are needed to determine the causal association.